![]() However, the scarcity of purified neon gas precluded its prompt application for electrical gas-discharge lighting along the lines of Moore tubes, which used more common nitrogen or carbon dioxide as the working gas, and enjoyed some commercial success in the US in the early 1900s. ![]() Immediately following neon's discovery, neon tubes were used as scientific instruments and novelties. Travers later wrote, "the blaze of crimson light from the tube told its own story and was a sight to dwell upon and never forget." The procedure of examining the colors of the light emitted from gas-discharge (or "Geissler" tubes) was well known at the time, since the colors of light (the "spectral lines") emitted by a gas discharge tube are, essentially, fingerprints that identify the gases inside. When Ramsay and Travers had succeeded in obtaining pure neon from the atmosphere, they explored its properties using an "electrical gas-discharge" tube that was similar to the tubes used today for neon signs. It was discovered in 1898 by the British scientists William Ramsay and Morris W. Neon is a noble gas chemical element and an inert gas that is a minor component of the Earth's atmosphere. History and science Gas discharge tube containing neon, which was first displayed by Ramsay and Travers "Ne" is the symbol for neon, one of the chemical elements. Fluorescent coatings and glasses are also an option for neon tube lighting, but are usually selected to obtain bright colors. In fluorescent lights, the light emitted by rarefied gases within a tube is used exclusively to excite fluorescent materials that coat the tube, which then shine with their own colors that become the tube's visible, usually white, glow. Neon lighting is closely related to fluorescent lighting, which developed about 25 years after neon tube lighting. In recent decades architects and artists, in addition to sign designers, have again adopted neon tube lighting as a component in their works. following the Second World War (1939–1945), but development continued vigorously in Japan, Iran, and some other countries. The popularity, intricacy, and scale of neon signage for advertising declined in the U.S. There were 2,000 shops nationwide designing and fabricating neon signs. Neon lighting was an important cultural phenomenon in the United States in that era by 1940, the downtowns of nearly every city in the US were bright with neon signage, and Times Square in New York City was known worldwide for its neon extravagances. Claude, sometimes called "the Edison of France", had a near monopoly on the new technology, which became very popular for signage and displays in the period 1920–1940. Georges Claude, a French engineer and inventor, presented neon tube lighting in essentially its modern form at the Paris Motor Show, December 3–18, 1910. After obtaining pure neon from the atmosphere, they explored its properties using an "electrical gas-discharge" tube that was similar to the tubes used for neon signs today. Neon was discovered in 1898 by the British scientists William Ramsay and Morris W. While these lamps are now antiques, the technology of the neon glow lamp developed into contemporary plasma displays and televisions. Through the 1970s, neon glow lamps were widely used for numerical displays in electronics, for small decorative lamps, and as signal processing devices in circuitry. They are still in use as small indicator lights. While neon tube lights are typically meters long, the neon lamps can be less than one centimeter in length and glow much more dimly than the tube lights. The term can also refer to the miniature neon glow lamp, developed in 1917, about seven years after neon tube lighting. They are mainly used to make dramatic, multicolored glowing signage for advertising, called neon signs, which were popular from the 1920s to 1960s and again in the 1980s. Neon tubes can be fabricated in curving artistic shapes, to form letters or pictures. Neon lights were named for neon, a noble gas which gives off a popular orange light, but other gases and chemicals are used to produce other colors, such as hydrogen (purple-red), helium (yellow or pink), carbon dioxide (white), and mercury (blue). The color of the light depends on the gas in the tube. ![]() ![]() A high potential of several thousand volts applied to the electrodes ionizes the gas in the tube, causing it to emit colored light. A neon tube is a sealed glass tube with a metal electrode at each end, filled with one of a number of gases at low pressure. Neon lights are a type of cold cathode gas-discharge light. Neon lighting consists of brightly glowing, electrified glass tubes or bulbs that contain rarefied neon or other gases. See also: Neon sign A neon light art installation in Bangkok The vicinity of Times Square, New York City, has been famous for elaborate lighting displays incorporating neon signs since the 1920s.
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